1. Desastres Marítimos y Pérdidas por Tormentas.
Las condiciones climáticas adversas, como huracanes y vendavales, fueron la causa principal de la pérdida de numerosas embarcaciones de la Royal Navy, a menudo con un alto costo de vidas humanas.
- 20 oct 1744 o.s. Five royalnavy vessels were wrecked with nearly 200 lives were lost, when a hurricane struck jamaica 50-gun 4th-rate hms greenwich, 54-gun 4th-rate hms st albans, 14-gun sloop hms bonetta, and 8-gun bomb vessel hms thunder, and the sheer-hulk lark. 13.
- 5 oct 1744 o.s. 100-gun 1st-rate hms victory launched 1737, flagship of admiral sir john balchen, was with her squadron returning to england from gibraltar when the ships were scattered by a violent storm off ushant. The victory vanished with all hands in the storm. 13.
- 24 sept 1782 74-gun 3rd-rate hms centaur sank off newfoundland in the storm known as the central atlantic hurricane. Over 400 men died. Centaurs captain and 11 men survived after an epic 16-day voyage of 400 miles to the azores in an open boat. Image wikimedia commons royalnavy navalhistory.
- 5 nov 1799 64-gun 3rd-rate hms sceptre was wrecked in a storm with about 300 lives lost while at anchor off cape town, south africa. Her anchor cables parted and she was driven onto a reef on the southern shore of table bay. Image wikimedia commons royalnavy navalhistory.
2. Capturas y Combates Navales Desiguales.
Muchos enfrentamientos resultaron en la captura de buques británicos, especialmente cuando se enfrentaban a oponentes con mayor potencia de fuego o en condiciones de inferioridad numérica.
- 25 oct 1812 38-gun frigate hms macedonian was captured off madeira by american 44-gun frigate uss united states after an action lasting three hours during which the british frigate was overwhelmed by the more powerful and longer-range guns carried by her opponent. 12.
- Resistance was quickly overcome and the frolic surrendered, having lost 15 men killed and 43 wounded. She was in american hands for only a few hours 74-gun hms poictiers recaptured her later that day, and also captured the wasp which, damaged and outgunned, had no choice but to surrender. 45.
- 1 nov 1710 o.s. 32-gun 5th-rate hms scarborough was captured in the gulf of guinea by 30-gun french privateer saint françois. After an intense battle the french boarded and were at first repulsed, but a second attempt forced the scarborough to surrender, with 32 dead. Royalnavy navalhistory.
- 29 sept 1808 14-gun brig hms maria encountered a 22-gun french corvette off guadeloupe and fought fiercely until overcome by the corvettes heavier broadside and more numerous crew. Six men were killed including marias commander, lt james bennett, and nine were wounded. Royalnavy navalhistory.
3. Varadas y Pérdidas por Errores de Navegación.
La negligencia, la navegación imprecisa y las condiciones de poca visibilidad contribuyeron a la pérdida de varios buques que encallaron en bancos de arena o arrecifes.
- 22 nov 1703 o.s. 60-gun 4th-rate hms york ran aground and was wrecked on the shipwash sand off harwich while sailing from the nore to the downs. Four men were lost during abandonment of the ship. The loss was blamed on the ignorance and negligence of the pilot. Royalnavy navalhistory.
- 29 oct 1808 24-gun 6th-rate hms banterer was wrecked in the saint lawrence river off point mille vache due to negligence by the officer of the watch, who had left the deck in order to drink grog in the gunroom, and the acting master, who had failed to use the lead-line. Royalnavy navalhistory.
- 16 nov 1816 10-gun brig-sloop hms bermuda ran aground and was wrecked off tampico, mexico. One member of her crew died when a boat carrying men to shore overturned. The court martial concluded that inaccurate navigation and a strong current had caused the loss. Royalnavy navalhistory.
- 25 oct 1799 14-gun brig hms amarante captured from the french in 1796 ran aground and was wrecked north of cape canaveral, florida, with 22 men lost. The court martial reprimanded her captain for not reducing speed in poor visibility and failing to use the lead-line. Royalnavy navalhistory.
4. Clasificación y Armamento de Buques de Guerra.
El armamento, medido en el número de cañones, definía la clasificación y el poder de fuego de los buques, desde las fragatas hasta los navíos de línea de primera clase.
- Hms association was a 90-gun second-rate ship of the line in the royal navy. On 22 oct 1707, as the flagship of admiral shovells fleet, and commanded by capt edmund loades, the fleet was returning to england after a campaign against the french. 15 maritimehistory history skystorians.
- The constitutionoriginally built to defend american merchant ships from barbary pirateswas a 44-gun frigate, although it was later known to carry more than 50 large guns. 25.
- To be fair, everyone elses frigates were silly little things compared to the big 44s. Constitutions broadside was around 90 that of the 74-gun hms bellerophon and about 120 the broadside of the old but still in service 64-gun third-rates.
- Just think about im reminded of how the rn had under the establishment the 70 gun ship as their like, standard ship. Third rates, the biggest ones they built a lot of. The establishment system was abandoned after the 1745 edition.